{"id":21603,"date":"2020-12-09T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnenglish100.com\/grammar\/?p=21603"},"modified":"2020-12-07T15:36:03","modified_gmt":"2020-12-07T15:36:03","slug":"%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%ad-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnenglish100.com\/grammar\/%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%ad-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0631\u062d present perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0634\u0631\u062d Present Perfect Explanation) present perfect) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (with for since yet already) \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 present perfect continuous \/ progressive \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 passive\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0631\u062d present perfect<\/h2>\n

\u0633\u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u062d present perfect\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n

Have\/has +past participle<\/p>\n

.I have<\/span> just started<\/span> my new job
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648.<\/p>\n

.The kids have finished<\/span> their meal
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

.Rami has eaten<\/span> breakfast
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a<\/h4>\n

\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 Not \u0628\u064a\u0646 have\/has \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

.I have not (haven\u2019t) finished my work
\n\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

.Sami has not (hasn\u2019t) written his letter
\n\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644<\/h4>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 have\/has \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

?Have you started your work
\n\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643\u061f
\n.Yes, I have. Or No, I haven\u2019t<\/p>\n

?Has Rami eaten breakfast
\n\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u061f
\n.Yes, he has. Or No, he hasn\u2019t<\/p>\n

\"Present<\/a>
present perfect \u0634\u0631\u062d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n

1. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0644 (\u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

.Leila has already eaten<\/span> lunch
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

.Adam hasn\u2019t finished<\/span> his homework yet
\n\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n

?Have you ever seen that movie
\n\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n

2. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

.Salma has eaten<\/span> at that restaurant many times
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

.I have eaten<\/span> there twice
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

3. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 For\/Since \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

.We have been<\/span> in class since nine o\u2019clock this morning
\n\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

.I have known<\/span> Leila for seven months
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 present perfect \u0648past simple\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

.a- I finished<\/span> my work two hours ago
\n\u0623\u0646\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

.b- I have <\/span>already finished<\/span> my work
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

.c- I was <\/span>in Athens last month\/three years ago\/in 1998
\n\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \/ \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \/ \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988.<\/p>\n

.d- I have been<\/span> to Athens several times\/a couple of times
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\/ \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (a&c)<\/span><\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (b&d)<\/span><\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n

.Robert was<\/span> in New York for three days
\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 for \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n

.Robert has been<\/span> in New York for three days\/since June first
\n\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 for or since \u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Since \/For<\/h3>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 since \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 since \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646: \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 ..\u0627\u0644\u062e.<\/strong><\/p>\n

since seven o\u2019clock \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.
\nsince Monday \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646.
\nsince July \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632.
\nsince last month \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.
\nsince January 3, 2016 \u0645\u0646\u0630 3 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016.
\nsince yesterday \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

.I have lived<\/span> here since I was a child
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0634\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

.Ahmad has met<\/span> many people since he came here
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 since \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 for \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644: \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645..\u0627\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0640”s” \u0645\u062b\u0644 (minutes, hours, weeks, etc.) \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 for \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 since.<\/strong><\/p>\n

for ten minutes \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642.
\nfor three hours \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.
\nfor five days \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.
\nfor about six weeks \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639.
\nfor many years \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.
\nfor a long time \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061f<\/h3>\n

.Sara and Rami have been talking<\/span> on the phone for twenty minutes
\n\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

.Sara has talked<\/span> to Rami on the phone many times
\n\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 action verbs.(live, work, teach, smoke, talk, sleep, etc.).<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 situation \u0641\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

.Sara has known<\/span> Rami for three years
\n\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Yet \/ Still<\/h3>\n

.I expected<\/span> him to come an hour ago, but he hasn\u2019t come<\/span> yet
\n\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 yet \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

.He didn\u2019t come<\/span> an hour ago. He still hasn\u2019t come<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 still \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f have\/has.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Present Perfect \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644<\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 been \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

.(Wisam has written<\/span> the letter(s
\n\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p>\n

.The letter has been written<\/span> by Wisam
\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

.The letters have been written<\/span> by Wisam
\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u062d present simple<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u062d present perfect \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0634\u0631\u062d Present Perfect Explanation) present perfect) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (with for since yet already) \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 present perfect … \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":22004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1043],"tags":[1673],"yoast_head":"\n\u0634\u0631\u062d present perfect - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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