{"id":34761,"date":"2024-03-03T12:05:59","date_gmt":"2024-03-03T09:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnenglish100.com\/grammar\/?p=34761"},"modified":"2024-07-01T13:08:08","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T10:08:08","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b6-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%b1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnenglish100.com\/grammar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b6-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%b1-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/a> \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 (Short English Composition about Riyadh). \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639. \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/h2>\n

\u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Only a few decades ago, Riyadh was just a village in the middle of the desert. Today, it is one of the leading cities in the region.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia’s largest province. It is located in the centre of the Arabian Peninsula, making it an easily accessible city. Riyadh houses the largest shopping centres in the Middle East, which are all air-conditioned.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a>. \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

Riyadh is also recognised as an important commercial centre on the Arabian Peninsula. Its history dates back to 1744, when the city was founded by Muhammad bin Abdul-Malik Al-Fadhli, a descendant of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1744 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In the beginning, the Al-Fadhli clan of the Banu Tamim tribe was the ruler of Riyadh. The city developed slowly during the first 140 years of its existence, largely due to its infertile land. The Ottomans attempted to capitalise on this by building a fort in Al-Mudayna, but this proved unsuccessful.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0640140 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0628\u0629 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629). \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0635\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

Western travellers have been passing through Riyadh for hundreds of years. The first documented visit was by the famous American traveler, John Lewis Burckhardt, in 1819. When he passed through Riyadh, it was a small settlement of a handful of encampments.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1819. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

As the capital of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh has a long history dating back to 1744, when a local man named Muhammad bin Saud and a religious leader named Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab formed an alliance.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1744\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n

In 1810, the Al Sauds won the first battle of the Saudi-Rashid war, cementing their power in the region and making Riyadh one of the most important cities in the world. In 1902, the Al Sauds were forced to leave Riyadh, but their influence remained. In 1902, Abdul Aziz recaptured Riyadh and went on to conquer the world-famous city of Mecca a year later.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1810\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1902\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0645. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1902\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631” Short English Composition about Riyadh<\/a><\/span>. \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 (Short English Composition about Riyadh). \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639. \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0639\u0646 … \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":36627,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2222],"tags":[2513,2365,2499],"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 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